I'm assuming you're mainly referring to the central pawn mass - wanting to get a structure with a Black pawn on b3 seems too specific.
In general, it's much harder to deliberately maneuver the game into a line where you are the person with the pawn on d4 (or if you're playing White, with the pawn on d5). This is because you need to get your opponent to provoke your d-pawn forward with e4 and c4. If you liked playing the White side of that diagram, I would recommend playing the Czech Benoni as Black (i.e: 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 e5 4.Nc3 d6).
If you want a higher chance of getting the structure with c4-, d5-, and e4-pawns (so basically being on the flipped side of Black in that diagram), I'd recommend playing 1.d4 and 2.c4 as White. Your opponent could go into the aforementioned Czech Benoni (although it isn't very common), or they could play the King's Indian Defense. In that structure, Black often plays ...e5/...c5, and once in a while pushes both pawns (getting you into a situation you want).
I don't have much advice for how to get that structure as Black. You're at the mercy of your opponent to dictate the play. One of the most common ways I know of getting it is if White plays a reverse King's Indian, allowing you to push all your pawns with ...d5, ...c5, ...e5, but most people don't do this.