The Schliemann's Defence or Schliemann–Jaenisch Gambit refers to the moves 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 f5.
f5 is of course a gambit move by black typically known as the Jaenisch Gambit when white plays the Ruy Lopez scenario. Questions is: Who was Schliemann? Is the name referring to a person or is this some creative term?
According to the section of the Wikipedia page on the Ruy Lopez, it's named after a German lawyer, Adolf Karl Wilhelm Schliemann (1817-1872), although it doesn't say why his name is attached to it.
However, the German Wikipedia page on Adolph Schliemann (English translation), indicates he was a strong master who contributed to the early theory of the line.
Russian Wikipedia says that Schliemann was one of the first player who started to use Jaenisch Gambit in the Spanish Opening (aka Ruy Lopez). That is why it is often called Schliemann defense.
