Computer chess engine ratings are not related to the FIDE rating list.
For example, the MicroMax
engine has around 1950 rating on CCRL:
I distribute an iOS app (ChessMini) for this engine. I wrote on the app description page:
The engine has a rating of Elo 2000 on the Computer Chess Rating Lists and is stronger than 70% of the human chess players.
This is true only if the CCRL chess rating is a close approximation to the FIDE rating list.
Unfortunately, I've received several users complained that they were able to beat the app convincingly despite their FIDE ratings are much less than 1900. In fact, I have a FIDE rating around 2000 myself but the MicroMax engine has never beaten me. I think it's "real" rating on the FIDE scale is 1300-1400.
Forget about the human rating list, just look at the relative ranking.
Computer chess ratings are extraordinary accurate (but no relationship to FIDE) because the sample size is only bounded by your processing power. You start an engine tournament, leave the computer running and goto bed... It's 24 hours chess like TCEC. You play as many engine matches as your computer can afford.
Computer engines get a rating by playing other engines. No human intervention. No grandmaster. Anybody with a laptop can do that:
That's it, it's so simple! You'll get estimated ratings for your engines.