If I'm correct (I may be not) there were no attempts to hardcode any strong chess engine directly into silicon and try to optimize it all the way to the transistor level. Is there any reason for that, other, than costs? For a long time there were many really strong CPUs (like Stockfish). Recently there were also some really strong TPU (Alpha Zero) and GPU (Leela Zero)-based engines, but as far as I'm aware up until now no one has tried to create a powerful ASIC chess engine.
I do know, that FPGAs are a bad choice for creating engines due to their low memory bandwidth as well as highly limited clock speeds.
However except for costs ASICs do look like a holy grail of chess engines. I'm not sure, why it's a bad idea (or why no one is doing that, if it isn't), however I do believe, that Stockfish rewritten from CPU code to an integrated circuit could possibly gain over 200 ELO.
Expense in the range of tens of thousands of dollars may be the reason, but Alpha Zero was significantly more expensive even than that.