If you modify chess so that white gets to make one extra move within the first 10 moves, is it possible to show there is a non-losing strategy for white?
Student T gives an explicit answer, but you can also view it from a game-theoretical perspective.
Suppose normal chess is a draw (or a win for black). Then, white can play 1. Ng1-f3 and Nf3-g1, effectively becoming black and the rest of the game is normal, so it is a draw (or a win for white).
Suppose normal chess is a win for white. This will almost certainly involve moving a pawn two steps from its initial position within the first 10 moves, or moving a bishop, queen, rook or king. You can use your extra move to perform this move in two steps, e.g. e2-e3-e4 or Bf1-d3-e2.
In any case, White will not lose the game.
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This is not a proof. The knight manoeuvre cost two tempi, not only one. Thus it does not prove that Black has no winning strategy. – jk - Reinstate Monica Apr 4 '16 at 10:06
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1@jknappen - the second tempo is 'paid' by the extra move White gets. And DagOskarMadsen, you are right. – Glorfindel♦ Apr 4 '16 at 10:38
Yes. 1.e4, then move the white Queen out to f3|g4|h5. Prepare for Qxf7+ then Qxe8 or Qxd7+ then Qxe8. Now white wins because the black king is gone.
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1Say 1.e4 Nf6. Can you win Black's king by force now? Or are you just going to grab a piece? Can you prove that White can win or draw with an extra piece? – bof Apr 4 '16 at 9:03
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2. e5 and your knight can't run (otherwise 3. e6 wins) so white can at least grab your knight without using his extra move. – jf328 Apr 4 '16 at 12:17
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2.Bc4 can give Black some trouble. 1.e4 Nf6 2.Bc4 (threatens 3.Qh5,Qxf7#) g6 3.e5 (threatens 4.e6,exf7# or 4.Qf3,Qxf7# if the knight moves anywhere but d5, where it is lost.) e6 4.exf6. Now if 4…Qxf6 5.Qf3,Qxf6 and if anything else then 5.Qg4 threatens 6.Qxe6,Qxf7# or even just 6.Qxe6,Qxe8#. 5…Be7 doesn't prevent mate on f7, and 5…Qe7 or 5…Qf6 loses the queen. Also 5…d5 just loses to 6.Bb5,Bxe8# Sacrificing the knight on d5 on move 2 or 3, followed by e6, seems best for Black, but probably still loses. – Jivan Scarano Jul 11 '16 at 9:42
